Iraq & Syria – 2014–Present

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Australian forces join the coalition campaign against ISIS.

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Operational Context

In 2014 a new threat emerged in the Middle East as the extremist group known as Islamic State (ISIS) rapidly seized large areas of Iraq and Syria. The organisation established control over major cities and imposed a violent regime that threatened regional stability and international security.

ISIS forces carried out brutal attacks against civilians and launched terrorist operations beyond the Middle East. In response, a multinational coalition formed to assist Iraqi security forces in defeating the group and restoring stability.

Australia joined the coalition effort under Operation Okra, committing aircraft, Special Forces and training teams to support the campaign against ISIS.

The mission represented another chapter in Australia’s ongoing contribution to international security operations alongside allied nations.

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The Environment

Operations against ISIS took place across a vast and complex region that included major cities, rural villages and desert terrain.

Coalition aircraft conducted air strikes against ISIS targets while Iraqi ground forces advanced to reclaim territory controlled by the group.

Australian personnel operated in several roles. Royal Australian Air Force aircraft conducted strike missions against ISIS positions, while Australian Army training teams worked alongside Iraqi security forces to improve their capability and effectiveness.

The campaign required close coordination between coalition partners operating across land and air domains.

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The Engagement

Under Operation Okra, the Royal Australian Air Force deployed fighter aircraft, surveillance platforms and support aircraft to the Middle East.

These aircraft conducted missions aimed at identifying and striking ISIS positions, including weapons caches, command centres and vehicles used by insurgent fighters.

At the same time, Australian Army personnel deployed to Iraq as part of international training missions. Working alongside Iraqi soldiers, they helped develop skills in planning, tactics and leadership.

This training played a critical role in strengthening Iraqi forces as they conducted operations to retake territory previously controlled by ISIS.

Over time, coalition pressure gradually reduced ISIS control across Iraq and Syria, allowing local governments to begin restoring stability in affected areas.

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Leadership and Character

Operation Okra highlighted the professionalism and adaptability of modern Australian servicemen and women.

Personnel deployed to the Middle East worked closely with coalition partners and local forces in a complex operational environment. Success depended on cooperation, technical expertise and the ability to operate effectively within multinational teams.

Australian aircrew, trainers and support personnel demonstrated the discipline and professionalism that have long characterised Australian military operations.

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Why It Matters

Operation Okra represents the continuation of Australia’s commitment to global security and international partnerships.

By supporting the coalition campaign against ISIS, Australian forces contributed to efforts aimed at reducing the threat posed by extremist organisations and supporting stability in the Middle East.

The mission also demonstrated the evolving nature of modern military operations, where air power, training missions and international cooperation play key roles in achieving long-term security outcomes.

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Key Facts

Location: Iraq and Syria
Operation: Operation Okra
Australian Units: Royal Australian Air Force, Australian Army training teams
Year: 2014 – Present
Purpose: Support coalition operations against ISIS

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Reflection

Operation Okra shows that the service of Australian men and women in uniform continues today.

From aircrew flying missions over the Middle East to soldiers training partner forces on the ground, Australians remain committed to working alongside allies to confront emerging threats.

Their service reflects a long tradition of professionalism, courage and dedication that continues to define the Australian Defence Force.